Langsung ke konten utama

SIERRA LEONE

Sierra Leone 

(OLEH DR.FAJAR MARITIM)


Republic of Sierra Leone Republik Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone
Flag Bendera Coat of Arms Lambang
Motto : "Unity, Freedom, Justice" Motto : "Persatuan, Kebebasan, Keadilan"
Anthem : High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free Lagu : Tinggi Kami meninggikan Engkau, Alam Bebas
Capital Modal
(and largest city) (Dan kota terbesar)
Freetown Freetown
8°29.067′N 13°14.067′W  /  8.48445°N 13.23445°W  / 8.48445; -13.23445 8 ° 29,067 'N 13 ° 14,067' W / 13,23445 8,48445 ° N ° B / 8,48445; -13,23445
Official language(s) Bahasa resmi (s) English Bahasa Inggris
Demonym Demonym Sierra Leonean Sierra Leone
Government Pemerintah Constitutional republic Konstitusi republik
- - President Presiden Ernest Bai Koroma ( APC ) Ernest Bai Koroma ( APC )
- - Vice President Wakil presiden Alhaji Samuel Sam-Sumana ( APC ) Alhaji Samuel Sam-Sumana ( APC )
- - Speaker of Parliament Ketua Parlemen Abel Nathaniel Bankole Stronge ( APC ) Nathaniel Abel Bankole stronge ( APC )
- - Chief Justice Hakim Agung Umu Hawa Tejan-Jalloh Hawa umu Tejan-Jalloh
Legislature Badan legislatif House of Parliament of Sierra Leone Gedung Parlemen Sierra Leone
Independence Kemerdekaan
- - from the United Kingdom dari Britania Raya 27 April 1961 27 April 1961
- - Republic declared Republik menyatakan 19 April 1971 19 April 1971
Area Daerah
- - Total Total 71,740 km 2 ( 119th ) 71.740 km 2 ( 119 )
27,699 sq mi 27.699 mil ²
- - Water (%) Air (%) 1.1 1.1
Population Populasi
- - July 2010 estimate Juli 2010 memperkirakan 6.4 million [1] [2] 6,4 juta [1] [2]
- - Density Kepadatan 79.4/km 2 ( 114th 1 ) 79.4/km 2 ( 114 1 )
205.6/sq mi 205.6/sq mil
GDP ( PPP ) PDB ( PPP ) 2009 estimate 2009 memperkirakan
- - Total Total $4.585 billion [ 1 ] $ 4585000000 [1]
- - Per capita Per kapita $759 [ 1 ] $ 759 [1]
GDP (nominal) PDB (nominal) 2009 estimate 2009 memperkirakan
- - Total Total $1.877 billion [ 1 ] $ 1877000000 [1]
- - Per capita Per kapita $311 [ 1 ] $ 311 [1]
Gini (2003) Gini (2003) 62.9 ( high ) 62,9 (tinggi)
HDI (2007) HDI (2007) meningkatkan 0.365 ( low ) ( 158th ) 0,365 (rendah) ( 158 )
Currency Mata uang Leone ( SLL ) Leone ( SLL )
Time zone Zona waktu GMT ( UTC +0) GMT ( UTC +0)
Drives on the Drive pada right benar
ISO 3166 code ISO 3166 kode SL SL
Internet TLD TLD internet .sl . Sl
Calling code Kode telepon 232 232
1 Rank based on 2007 figures. 1 Peringkat berdasarkan angka 2007.
Sierra Leone ( Sierra Leone ( i / s ˌ ɛr ə i / s i ː ˌ ɛr ə l ˈ n / ; Krio : Salone ), officially the Republic of Sierra Leone , is a country in West Africa . l i ː n / ; Krio : Salone), secara resmi Republik Sierra Leone, adalah sebuah negara di Afrika Barat . It is bordered by Guinea to the north and east, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest. Hal ini berbatasan dengan Guinea di sebelah utara dan timur, Liberia di tenggara, dan Samudra Atlantik di sebelah barat dan barat daya. Sierra Leone covers a total area of 71,740 km 2 (27,699 sq mi) [ 2 ] and has a population of 6.4 million. [ 3 ] Sierra Leone mencakup area 71.740 km total 2 (27.699 sq mi) [2] dan memiliki populasi 6,4 juta. [3]
It was a colony under the auspices of the Sierra Leone Company from March 11, 1792 until it became a British colony in 1808. Ini adalah koloni di bawah naungan Perusahaan Sierra Leone dari 11 Maret 1792 sampai menjadi koloni Inggris pada tahun 1808. Sierra Leone is now a constitutional republic comprising four geographical regions : the Northern Province , Eastern Province , Southern Province and the Western Area ; which are further divided into fourteen districts . Sierra Leone sekarang menjadi republik konstitusional yang terdiri dari empat geografis daerah : yang Provinsi Utara , Provinsi Timur , Selatan Provinsi dan Daerah Barat ; yang selanjutnya dibagi menjadi empat belas distrik .
The country has a tropical climate , with a diverse environment ranging from savannah to rainforests . [ 4 ] Freetown is the capital, largest city and economic and financial center. Negara ini memiliki iklim tropis , dengan lingkungan yang beragam mulai dari padang rumput ke hutan hujan . [4] Freetown adalah ibu, kota terbesar dan pusat ekonomi dan keuangan. The other major cities are Bo , Kenema , Koidu Town and Makeni . [ 2 ] Kota-kota utama lainnya adalah Bo , Kenema , Koidu Kota dan Makeni . [2]
Sierra Leone is rich in mineral resources , possessing some of the most commercially valuable mineral reserves in the world, many of which are found in significant quantities. Sierra Leone kaya sumber daya mineral , memiliki beberapa cadangan mineral yang paling berharga di dunia komersial, banyak yang ditemukan dalam jumlah yang signifikan. The country has relied on mining , especially diamonds , for its economic base; it is among the top 10 diamond producing nations in the world, and mineral exports remain the main foreign currency earner. Negara telah mengandalkan pertambangan , terutama berlian , untuk basis ekonomi, itu adalah antara berlian 10 besar negara produsen di dunia, dan ekspor mineral tetap penghasil uang utama asing. Sierra Leone is also among the largest producers of titanium and bauxite , and a major producer of gold . Sierra Leone juga di antara produsen terbesar titanium dan bauksit , dan produsen utama emas . The country has one of the world's largest deposits of rutile . Negara ini memiliki satu deposit terbesar di dunia dari rutil . Sierra Leone is also home to the third largest natural harbour in the world; where shipping from all over the globe berth at Freetown's famous Queen Elizabeth II Quay. Sierra Leone juga rumah ke pelabuhan alami terbesar ketiga di dunia, di mana pengiriman dari seluruh dunia di tempat tidur yang terkenal Freetown Ratu Elizabeth II Quay. Despite this natural wealth, the vast majority of its people live in poverty. Meskipun demikian kekayaan alam, sebagian besar rakyatnya hidup dalam kemiskinan.
Sierra Leone is a predominantly Muslim nation, though with a significant Christian minority. Sierra Leone adalah mayoritas Muslim bangsa, meskipun dengan signifikan Kristen minoritas. Sierra Leone is ranked as one of the most religiously tolerant nations in the world [3] [4] [5] . Sierra Leone peringkat sebagai salah satu negara yang paling toleran agama di dunia [3] [4] [5] . Religious tolerance is a deeply held value in Sierra Leone. Toleransi agama adalah nilai yang dipegang di Sierra Leone. People are often married across tribal and religious boundaries. Orang sering menikah melintasi batas-batas suku dan agama. Muslims and Christians collaborate and interact with each other peacefully. [6] . Muslim dan Kristen berkolaborasi dan berinteraksi satu sama lain secara damai. [6] .
Sierra Leone is home to about sixteen ethnic groups, each with its own language and costume. Sierra Leone adalah rumah bagi sekitar enam belas kelompok etnis, masing-masing dengan bahasanya sendiri dan kostum. The two largest and most influential are the Mende and Temne . Dua terbesar dan paling berpengaruh adalah Mende dan Temne .
Although English is the official language of Sierra Leone, the Krio language (derived from English and several indigenous African languages) is the most widely spoken language in virtually all parts of Sierra Leone. Walaupun Bahasa Inggris adalah bahasa resmi dari Sierra Leone, bahasa Krio (berasal dari bahasa Inggris dan beberapa bahasa Afrika adat) adalah bahasa yang paling banyak digunakan di hampir semua bagian dari Sierra Leone. The Krio language is spoken by 97% [ 5 ] of the country's population and unites all the different ethnic groups , especially in their trade and interaction with each other. [ 6 ] Bahasa Krio dituturkan oleh 97% [5] populasi negara dan menyatukan semua yang berbeda kelompok etnis , terutama dalam perdagangan mereka dan interaksi satu sama lain. [6]
Early inhabitants of Sierra Leone included the Sherbro , Temne and Limba peoples, and later the Mende , [ 7 ] who knew the country as Romarong, and the Kono who settled in the east of the country. [ 8 ] In 1462, it was visited by the Portuguese explorer Pedro da Cintra , who dubbed it Serra de Leão, meaning "Lion Mountains". [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Awal penduduk Sierra Leone termasuk Sherbro , Temne dan Limba masyarakat, dan kemudian Mende , [7] yang tahu negara sebagai Romarong, dan Kono yang menetap di timur negara itu. [8] Pada 1462, ia dikunjungi oleh penjelajah Portugis Pedro da Cintra , yang menyebutnya Serra de Leao, yang berarti "Singa Gunung". [9] [10]
Sierra Leone later became an important centre of the transatlantic trade in slaves until March 11, 1792 when Freetown was founded by the Sierra Leone Company as a home for formerly enslaved African Americans. [ 11 ] In 1808, Freetown became a British Crown Colony , and in 1896, and the interior of the country became a British Protectorate ; [ 8 ] in 1961, the two regions combined and gained independence . Sierra Leone kemudian menjadi pusat penting dari perdagangan budak transatlantik sampai 11 Maret 1792 ketika Freetown didirikan oleh Perusahaan Sierra Leone sebagai rumah bagi mantan budak Afrika-Amerika. [11] Pada 1808, Freetown menjadi Inggris Crown Colony , dan pada tahun 1896, dan bagian negara menjadi Inggris Protektorat ; [8] pada tahun 1961, dua daerah gabungan dan memperoleh kemerdekaan .
The Sierra Leone Civil War [ 12 ] began in 1991 and was resolved in 2000 after the struggling Nigerian -led United Nations troops were heavily reinforced by a British force spearheaded by 1st Bn The Parachute Regiment, supported by other elements of the Parachute Regt, SAS, and Royal Navy and Royal Air Force Operation Palliser . Para Sierra Leone Perang Saudara [12] dimulai pada tahun 1991 dan diselesaikan pada tahun 2000 setelah berjuang Nigeria yang dipimpin pasukan Bangsa United sangat diperkuat oleh pasukan Inggris dipelopori oleh 1 milyar Resimen Parasut, didukung oleh unsur-unsur lain dari Regt Parasut, SAS , dan Royal Angkatan Laut dan Angkatan Udara Palliser Operasi . The arrival of this force, code-named Operation Palliser , resulted in the defeat of rebel forces and restored the civilian government elected in 1998 to Freetown. Kedatangan gaya ini, kode-bernama Palliser Operasi , mengakibatkan kekalahan pasukan pemberontak dan mengembalikan pemerintah sipil terpilih di tahun 1998 ke Freetown. Since then, almost 72,500 former combatants have been disarmed [ 13 ] and the country has reestablished a functioning democracy . [ 5 ] The current president of Sierra Leone is Ernest Bai Koroma , who was sworn in on 17 September 2007. Sejak itu, hampir 72.500 mantan kombatan telah dilucuti [13] dan negara telah dibangun kembali berfungsi demokrasi . [5] Presiden saat Sierra Leone Ernest Bai Koroma , yang dilantik pada 17 September 2007.
Sierra Leone is the twelfth-lowest-ranked country on the Human Development Index and eighth-lowest on the Human Poverty Index , suffering from endemic corruption [ 14 ] and suppression of the press . [ 15 ] Sierra Leone adalah negara kedua belas terendah-peringkat pada Indeks Pembangunan Manusia dan kedelapan-terendah pada Indeks Kemiskinan Manusia , menderita endemik korupsi [14] dan pemberangusan pers . [15]


Komentar

Postingan populer dari blog ini

Alwi Fessy

Alwi Fessy Birth name Fessy Farizqoh Alwi Assegaf Born July 18, 1980 (age 31) Flag Indonesia Malang, East Java Journalist jobs Years active 2003 - present Pair Taufik Basari Fessy Farizqoh Alwi Assegaf (born in Malang, East Java, July 18, 1980, age 31 years) is a news presenter Indonesia Arab descent. Currently he is a news presenter on Metro TV in program Your Voice and Metro Siang. [1] Previous Fessy is Newspresenter at the quiz, the quiz show he has held all the regular news from the Morning Post, Post Lunch, Evening Post, to Topic Night and has also hosted dialogues We Topics. He began joining Metro TV in October 2008 and the beginning of its appearance is on Headline News at 19:00 as a reporter who covered the Attorney General's exactly on the date October 31, 2008. He started bringing up as Newspresenter News Flash program. In Threads PBK Fessy Alwi is Anchormate of Faisal Arif.  Personal life Fessy Alwi was born in Malang on July 18, 1980 with the full name Fessy

song hye kyo

  Song Hye-kyo Song Hye-kyo Born November 22, 1981 ( 1981-11-22 ) (age 30) Daegu , South Korea Other names Snow, Iris Occupation Actress , model Years active 1996–present Korean name Revised Romanization Song Hye-gyo McCune–Reischauer Song Hye-kyo Website www.songhyekyo.co.kr Song Hye-kyo ( Korean :born November 22, 1981) is a South Korean model and actress . She gained popularity through television dramas such as Autumn in My Heart (2000), All In (2003), Full House (2004), and The World That They Live In (2008). .   Career Song debuted in the entertainment industry in 1996 when she won the Grand Prize in SunKyung Smart (a school uniform company) when she was finishing her third year in junior high school. It was not long until she starred in her first drama , Merry Morning . Since then, she would

MONA LISA

Mona Lisa Mona Lisa (also known as La Gioconda or La Joconde , or Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo ) is a portrait by the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci . It is a painting in oil on a poplar panel , completed circa 1503–1519. Property of the French State , it is on permanent display at the Musée du Louvre in Paris . The painting is a half-length portrait and depicts a seated woman, Lisa del Giocondo , whose facial expression has been frequently described as enigmatic. The ambiguity of the subject's expression, the monumentality of the composition, and the subtle modeling of forms and atmospheric illusionism were novel qualities that have contributed to the continuing fascination and study of the work. The image is widely recognised, caricatured, and sought out by visitors to the Louvre, and it is considered the most famous painting in the world. Background Main article: Leonardo da Vinci Self-portrait by Leonardo da Vinci, execut